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Around 4th century the architecture of Greece mostly consist of military structuralist structures were mostly near the royal home or the theater.the photo is basically showing how the men killed the fellow men in war.as you can see the men in the structure they get killed, smacked, and crush by the horses.
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Greek used "post and lintel" system. basically they used columns, piers.post was the upper structure part and lintel is the support to the post or roof. Greece became really popular in this style and later Greek used marbles for these structuralists were invented to lift heavy objects,this usually used ropes, pulley seem to be cost-less today but back then they were represented as technological advances over the old technique to new technique building were made really simple but the engineers used cods for measuring and levels to maintain the accuracy of the construction. masons used hammer axes, files, and chisel to work the stone. iron rods were used to shape marble or limestone.
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temples were also used pillars.temples were not used to talk to workshipper but it was place to see the mornuments of god and goddess. the firls example of it came into exist in eight centuary.around 580bc new temples came into exist.
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Greek also included pottery, there were two types of pottery red and black, the plate in the picture demonstrates the black pottery(showing the sea god europa), in the vessle it demonstrates the red pottery (the god zeus)
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Archimedes (287-212 BC) is credited with many inventions including the compound pulley and the hydraulic crew. what hydraulic crew basically is that it is used to raise water from below the river to the top of the irrigation canal.